![]() Bromine was used in leaded fuels to help prevent engine knock in the form of ethylene bromide.The ancient royal purple dye called Tyrian Purple is a bromine compound.Specifically, sodium bromide and potassium bromide were used in the 19th and 20th century until they were replaced by chloral hydrate, which was in turn replaced by barbituates and other drugs. Bromide compounds used to be used as sedatives and anticonvulsants.However, they are not generally useful because they are expensive and because they damage the ozone layer. Nontoxic halomethane compounds, such as bromochloromethane and bromotrifluoromethane, are used in submarines and spacecraft. The acid acts as a flame retardant by interfering with the oxidation reaction of combustion. When brominated compounds burn, hydrobromic acid is produced. Bromine is used in many fire retardant compounds.The only other element that is a liquid at room temperature is mercury. ![]() ![]() At room temperature, elemental bromine is a reddish-brown liquid.Bromine is the 64th most abundant element in the Earth's crust with an abundance of 2.4 mg/kg.Bromine is the tenth most abundant element in sea water with an abundance of 67.3 mg/L.Compounds containing bromine in the -1 oxidation state are called bromides.In World War I, xylyl bromide and related bromine compound were used as poison gas.The bromide ion is a cofactor in collagen synthesis. Although toxic as a pure element and in high doses, bromine is an essential element for animals.Inhalation can cause irritation, in low concentrations, or death, in high concentration. Elemental bromine is a toxic substance and can cause corrosion burns when exposed to skin.His professor asked him to prepare more of the brown liquid for further testing and soon learned of Balard's bromine. He separated the same brown liquid in 1825 from another sample of salt water. The other discoverer was a chemistry student named Carl Loewig. His liquid was the newly discovered bromine. After he learned of Balard's discovery, he went back and checked. He thought the brown liquid he separated from the salt water was a simple mixture of iodine and chlorine. He was sent a sample of salt water to analyze from a nearby town. The first was in 1825 by the German chemist Justus von Liebig. Bromine was nearly discovered by two other chemists before Antoine Jerome Balard published his discovery."stinky." It's a sharp, acrid odor that's hard to describe, but many people know the smell from the element's use in swimming pools. Bromine is named after the Greek word bromos meaning stench because bromine smells.
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